A number of scientists are researching genetic engineering of agricultural pests, such as the pink bollworm, the medfly, and the apple codling moth. The goal is to invent new ways to keep these insect populations in check, principally by releasing sterile insects or insects that pass a lethal gene to their offspring, causing them to die before they can reproduce.
Other researchers are genetically engineering insects, especially mosquitoes, in an effort to combat a number of human diseases, particularly dengue fever and malaria.